Spherical Tokamak#

  • This is characterized by a blanket that only goes around the outboard sides of the plasma and a center column that has no inboard breeding.

Spherical tokamak#

  • The spherical_tokamak function provides a parametric tokamak shaped reactor.

  • This is characterized by a blanket that only goes around the outboard sides of the plasma.

  • This reactor allows for a separate vertical and radial build which allows different thickness layers in the blanket.

import paramak

result = paramak.spherical_tokamak(
    radial_build=[
            (paramak.LayerType.GAP, 10),
            (paramak.LayerType.SOLID, 50),
            (paramak.LayerType.SOLID, 10),
            (paramak.LayerType.GAP, 50),
            (paramak.LayerType.PLASMA, 300),
            (paramak.LayerType.GAP, 60),
            (paramak.LayerType.SOLID, 10),
            (paramak.LayerType.SOLID, 60),
            (paramak.LayerType.SOLID, 10),
    ],
    vertical_build=[
        (paramak.LayerType.SOLID, 15),
        (paramak.LayerType.SOLID, 120),
        (paramak.LayerType.SOLID, 10),
        (paramak.LayerType.GAP, 50),
        (paramak.LayerType.PLASMA, 700),
        (paramak.LayerType.GAP, 60),
        (paramak.LayerType.SOLID, 10),
        (paramak.LayerType.SOLID, 30),
        (paramak.LayerType.SOLID, 15),
    ],
    rotation_angle=180,
    triangularity=0.55,
)

result.save(f"spherical_tokamak_minimal.step")

Spherical tokamak from plasma#

  • The spherical_tokamak_from_plasma function provides a parametric tokamak shaped reactor.

  • This reactor requires minimal arguments to create as it keeps the vertical build of the blanket layers the same thickness as the radial build.

import paramak
result = paramak.spherical_tokamak_from_plasma(
    radial_build=[
        (paramak.LayerType.GAP, 10),
        (paramak.LayerType.SOLID, 60),
        (paramak.LayerType.SOLID, 20),
        (paramak.LayerType.GAP, 60),
        (paramak.LayerType.PLASMA, 300),
        (paramak.LayerType.GAP, 60),
        (paramak.LayerType.SOLID, 20),
        (paramak.LayerType.SOLID, 120),
        (paramak.LayerType.SOLID, 10),
    ],
    elongation=2,
    triangularity=0.55,
    rotation_angle=90,
)
result.save('reactor.step')

Spherical tokamak with divertor#

  • Reactors support adding additional extra intersect shapes that can be_divertor.

  • This example adds a divertor to a spherical_tokamak_from_plasma reactor.

from cadquery import Workplane

# makes a rectangle that overlaps the lower blanket under the plasma
# the intersection of this and the layers will form the lower divertor
points = [(200, -700), (200, 0), (300, 0), (300, -700)]
divertor_lower = Workplane('XZ', origin=(0,0,0)).polyline(points).close().revolve(180)
result = paramak.spherical_tokamak_from_plasma(
    radial_build=[
        (paramak.LayerType.GAP, 10),
        (paramak.LayerType.SOLID, 50),
        (paramak.LayerType.SOLID, 15),
        (paramak.LayerType.GAP, 50),
        (paramak.LayerType.PLASMA, 300),
        (paramak.LayerType.GAP, 60),
        (paramak.LayerType.SOLID, 15),
        (paramak.LayerType.SOLID, 60),
        (paramak.LayerType.SOLID, 10),
    ],
    elongation=2,
    triangularity=0.55,
    rotation_angle=180,
    extra_intersect_shapes=[divertor_lower]
)
result.save('reactor.step')

Spherical tokamak with poloidal field coils#

  • All reactors support adding a sequence of CadQuery shapes (e.g. workplanes) to the reactor using the extra_cut_shapes argument

  • This example adds PF coils to a spherical_tokamak_from_plasma reactor but and other reactor would also work.

import paramak

extra_cut_shapes = []
for case_thickness, height, width, center_point in zip(
    [10, 15, 15, 10], [20, 50, 50, 20], [20, 50, 50, 20],
    [(500, 300), (560, 100), (560, -100), (500, -300)]
):
    extra_cut_shapes.append(
        paramak.poloidal_field_coil(
            height=height, width=width, center_point=center_point, rotation_angle=270
        )
    )
    extra_cut_shapes.append(
        paramak.poloidal_field_coil_case(
            coil_height=height,
            coil_width=width,
            casing_thickness=case_thickness,
            rotation_angle=270,
            center_point=center_point,
        )
    )

result = paramak.spherical_tokamak_from_plasma(
    radial_build=[
        (paramak.LayerType.GAP, 10),
        (paramak.LayerType.SOLID, 50),
        (paramak.LayerType.SOLID, 15),
        (paramak.LayerType.GAP, 50),
        (paramak.LayerType.PLASMA, 300),
        (paramak.LayerType.GAP, 60),
        (paramak.LayerType.SOLID, 15),
        (paramak.LayerType.SOLID, 60),
        (paramak.LayerType.SOLID, 10),
    ],
    elongation=2,
    triangularity=0.55,
    rotation_angle=270,
    extra_cut_shapes=extra_cut_shapes,
)

result.save(f"spherical_tokamak_from_plasma_with_pf_magnets.step")

Spherical tokamak with toroidal field coils#

  • In a similar way to adding poloidal field coils one can also add toroidal field coils by making use of the extra_cut_shapes argument.

  • All reactors support adding a sequence of CadQuery shapes (e.g. workplanes) to the reactor using the extra_cut_shapes argument

  • This example adds TF coils to a spherical_tokamak_from_plasma reactor but and other reactor would also work.

  • Also these are rectangle shaped TF coils but other shapes are also available.

import paramak

tf_style_1 = paramak.toroidal_field_coil_rectangle(
    horizontal_start_point = (10, 520),
    vertical_mid_point = (600, 0),
    thickness = 50,
    distance = 40,
    with_inner_leg = True,
    rotation_angle = 180,
    azimuthal_placement_angles = [0, 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, 180],
)

result = paramak.spherical_tokamak_from_plasma(
    radial_build=[
        (paramak.LayerType.GAP, 70),
        (paramak.LayerType.SOLID, 10),
        (paramak.LayerType.SOLID, 10),
        (paramak.LayerType.GAP, 50),
        (paramak.LayerType.PLASMA, 300),
        (paramak.LayerType.GAP, 60),
        (paramak.LayerType.SOLID, 10),
        (paramak.LayerType.SOLID, 60),
        (paramak.LayerType.SOLID, 10),
    ],
    elongation=2.5,
    rotation_angle=180,
    triangularity=0.55,
    extra_cut_shapes=[tf_style_1]
)

result.save(f"spherical_tokamak_with_rectangular_tf.step")

tf_style_2 = paramak.toroidal_field_coil_princeton_d(
    r1=5,
    r2=610,
    azimuthal_placement_angles = [120, 150, 180],
    rotation_angle = 180,
    thickness = 50,
    distance = 40
)

result2 = paramak.spherical_tokamak_from_plasma(
    radial_build=[
        (paramak.LayerType.GAP, 70),
        (paramak.LayerType.SOLID, 10),
        (paramak.LayerType.SOLID, 10),
        (paramak.LayerType.GAP, 50),
        (paramak.LayerType.PLASMA, 300),
        (paramak.LayerType.GAP, 60),
        (paramak.LayerType.SOLID, 10),
        (paramak.LayerType.SOLID, 60),
        (paramak.LayerType.SOLID, 10),
    ],
    elongation=2.5,
    rotation_angle=180,
    triangularity=0.55,
    extra_cut_shapes=[tf]
)

result2.save(f"spherical_tokamak_with_princeton_tf.step")

Spherical tokamak with negative triangularity#

  • The triangularity argument can be set to a negative value to make a plasma with a negative triangularity.

  • This example makes a spherical tokamak with a negative but this would work on any reactor.

import paramak

result = paramak.spherical_tokamak(
    radial_build=[
        (paramak.LayerType.GAP, 10),
        (paramak.LayerType.SOLID, 50),
        (paramak.LayerType.SOLID, 15),
        (paramak.LayerType.GAP, 50),
        (paramak.LayerType.PLASMA, 300),
        (paramak.LayerType.GAP, 60),
        (paramak.LayerType.SOLID, 10),
        (paramak.LayerType.SOLID, 60),
        (paramak.LayerType.SOLID, 10),
    ],
    vertical_build=[
        (paramak.LayerType.SOLID, 15),
        (paramak.LayerType.SOLID, 80),
        (paramak.LayerType.SOLID, 10),
        (paramak.LayerType.GAP, 50),
        (paramak.LayerType.PLASMA, 700),
        (paramak.LayerType.GAP, 60),
        (paramak.LayerType.SOLID, 10),
        (paramak.LayerType.SOLID, 40),
        (paramak.LayerType.SOLID, 15),
    ],
    rotation_angle=180,
    triangularity=-0.55,
)
result.save(f"spherical_tokamak_minimal.step")
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